What Is It VPN vs EPA Architecture Components Design & Build Requirements Use Cases
NetRing Tech Services — Zero Trust Networking

Microsoft
Entra
Private Access

Replace legacy VPN with Zero Trust Network Access — delivering per-application, identity-verified, conditional access to private resources without putting users on the network. Designed and implemented by NetRing from architecture through go-live.

ZTNA
Zero Trust Architecture
0
Network-Level Access
MFA
Enforced Per App
CA
Conditional Access Policies
GSA
Global Secure Access Client

Overview

The End of Network-Level Access

Microsoft Entra Private Access is the Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA) component of Microsoft's Global Secure Access (GSA) platform — part of the Entra ID (Azure AD) identity fabric. It replaces traditional VPN by granting users access to specific private applications and resources rather than placing them on the corporate network.

Instead of connecting a device to the network and trusting everything on it, Entra Private Access enforces identity verification, device compliance, and Conditional Access policies at the per-application level — every time, for every connection. A compromised VPN credential can no longer unlock the entire network.

Private resources — whether on-premises servers, internal web apps, RDP endpoints, SSH hosts, or SMB shares — are accessed through the Global Secure Access client and forwarded via Private Network Connectors, all without opening inbound firewall ports or assigning split-tunnel routes.

Zero Trust in practice: Never trust, always verify. Entra Private Access applies this to every private resource access request — checking identity, device health, location, and risk score before granting access to a specific app, not the whole network.
ConceptTraditional VPNEntra Private Access
Access scopeFull networkPer-application
Auth modelCredential onlyIdentity + device + CA
Inbound firewallRequired (open ports)No inbound ports
Lateral movementUnrestricted once inBlocked by design
MFA enforcementOptional / bolt-onNative, per-app
Device complianceRarely enforcedIntune / CA enforced
Split tunnelingManual, complexPer-app segments
Entra ID integrationNoneNative

How It Works
Traffic Flow Architecture

Entra Private Access routes traffic through Microsoft's Global Secure Access edge — no inbound ports, no VPN concentrators, no on-prem firewall rules to maintain.

Access Request Flow — End User to Private Resource

💻

User Device

GSA client installed (Windows / macOS / Android / iOS)

TLS
🔐

Entra ID

Identity + MFA + Conditional Access policy evaluation

Token
🌐

GSA Edge

Microsoft Global Secure Access cloud edge — 130+ PoPs

mTLS
🔗

PNC

Private Network Connector — outbound only, on-prem or Azure

Internal
🏢

Private App

RDP, SSH, HTTPS, SMB, or any TCP/UDP resource

PNC = Private Network Connector — a lightweight outbound-only agent deployed on Windows Server (or VM) in your private network. No inbound firewall rules. No reverse proxies. Connector communicates outbound to GSA edge over port 443 only.

Lightweight client deployed to endpoints (Windows, macOS, iOS, Android). Intercepts traffic to defined private app segments and routes it through the GSA edge. Supports per-app tunneling — only private-access traffic is tunneled; internet traffic goes direct.

Deployed on-prem (Windows Server 2019+) or in Azure. Multiple connectors can form connector groups for high availability and geographic affinity. All connections are outbound — the connector initiates communication to Microsoft's GSA edge, requiring no inbound firewall exceptions.

Private resources are defined as IP ranges, FQDNs, or specific ports in the Entra admin center. Quick Access handles broad subnet access (gradual migration from VPN), while per-app segments provide precise application-level control with individual Conditional Access policies.

Every private app access request passes through Entra Conditional Access — enforcing MFA, Intune device compliance, sign-in risk thresholds, named location restrictions, and token protection. Access policies can differ per application segment, enabling fine-grained control.


Platform Components
What NetRing Deploys & Manages

A complete Entra Private Access implementation spans identity, networking, endpoint, and policy — we handle all of it.

🔐

Microsoft Entra ID

The identity plane that drives all access decisions. NetRing configures your Entra ID tenant for EPA deployment including enterprise app registrations and service principals.

  • Entra ID P1 / P2 licensing validation
  • Enterprise application registration for private apps
  • User and group assignment to app segments
  • Hybrid identity integration (on-prem AD sync via Entra Connect)
  • Authentication method policy (MFA, FIDO2, passkeys)
🌐

Global Secure Access (GSA)

The Microsoft SSE (Security Service Edge) cloud fabric that carries private access traffic. NetRing licenses, enables, and configures the GSA tenant profile.

  • GSA tenant enablement and traffic profile configuration
  • Private Access traffic forwarding profile
  • Private DNS configuration for on-prem resolution
  • Traffic log routing to Log Analytics / Sentinel
  • Entra Internet Access (co-deployment optional)
🔗

Private Network Connectors

On-premises or Azure-hosted outbound relay agents. NetRing sizes, deploys, and groups connectors for HA and site-affinity across your locations.

  • Connector sizing and OS hardening (WS 2022)
  • Connector group design (per site / per subnet zone)
  • High availability — minimum 2 connectors per group
  • TLS inspection bypass configuration where required
  • Connector health monitoring and alerting
🗂️

App Segments & Quick Access

The access scope definitions that replace route tables and split-tunnel VPN configs. NetRing designs and documents every segment.

  • Private app segment inventory and FQDN / IP mapping
  • Quick Access subnet configuration for phased VPN migration
  • Per-app segment definition with connector group binding
  • Port and protocol scoping (TCP, UDP, specific ports)
  • Private DNS suffix configuration per segment
🛡️

Conditional Access Policies

The policy engine that enforces Zero Trust at every access attempt. NetRing designs a full CA policy stack aligned to your security requirements.

  • Per-app CA policy design and implementation
  • MFA enforcement (Microsoft Authenticator / FIDO2)
  • Intune device compliance requirements
  • Sign-in risk and user risk policy integration
  • Named location and country-based restrictions
  • Token protection (binding tokens to device)
💻

GSA Client Deployment

Endpoint deployment of the Global Secure Access client via Intune or Group Policy. NetRing handles rollout strategy, testing, and cutover.

  • Intune managed device deployment (Windows / macOS)
  • Group Policy-based deployment for domain-joined endpoints
  • iOS / Android app configuration via Intune
  • Piloting and phased rollout planning
  • User communication templates and training
📊

Logging & Monitoring

Full audit trail of private access traffic, auth events, and connector health — routed to your SIEM or Microsoft Sentinel.

  • GSA traffic logs → Log Analytics Workspace
  • Entra sign-in and audit log routing
  • Microsoft Sentinel workbook integration (optional)
  • Connector health and availability alerting
  • Access anomaly detection via Entra ID Protection
🔄

VPN Migration Strategy

NetRing designs a phased migration path from legacy VPN to EPA — minimizing disruption while progressively hardening access.

  • Current VPN traffic and app inventory audit
  • Quick Access configuration to replicate VPN scope
  • Per-app segment migration by priority and risk
  • Parallel-run period with rollback capability
  • VPN decommission checklist and sign-off

Engagement Phases
Design, Build, Harden, Operate

NetRing follows a structured four-phase engagement for every Entra Private Access deployment — from whiteboard to production.

01

Design

Architecture and policy design delivered as a written document before any changes are made to your environment.

  • Current-state VPN & remote access inventory
  • Private app discovery and classification
  • Connector placement and HA design
  • App segment and Quick Access scope definition
  • Conditional Access policy matrix (per app, per group)
  • Entra ID licensing review and gap analysis
  • Private DNS architecture for on-prem resolution
  • Logging and SIEM integration design
  • Migration timeline and rollback plan
02

Build

Deployment in a non-production or pilot scope first — validated before any production cutover.

  • GSA tenant enablement and profile configuration
  • Private Network Connector deployment (pilot site)
  • Connector group creation and health validation
  • Quick Access configuration (mirrors VPN scope)
  • Per-app segment creation and DNS suffix setup
  • CA policy implementation (audit mode first)
  • GSA client pilot deployment to test group
  • End-to-end access validation per app segment
  • Log routing to Log Analytics / Sentinel
03

Harden

Security hardening and policy enforcement — moving from audit mode to enforced Zero Trust posture.

  • CA policy switch: audit mode → report-only → enforce
  • MFA registration campaign for all affected users
  • Intune device compliance baseline deployment
  • Token protection enablement per high-value app
  • Sign-in risk and user risk policy activation
  • Connector OS hardening (CIS baseline)
  • Named location and geo-block policies
  • Break-glass account review and documentation
04

Operate

Ongoing management, monitoring, and lifecycle ownership — fully handed off to NetRing or supported in a co-managed model.

  • Connector health monitoring and auto-update management
  • Monthly access review of app assignments
  • CA policy tuning based on sign-in log analysis
  • New app onboarding as private app segments
  • Entra ID Protection alert triage
  • Quarterly Zero Trust posture review report
  • VPN decommission milestone tracking
  • GSA client version management via Intune

Prerequisites
What You Need to Get Started

Entra Private Access has specific licensing and infrastructure prerequisites. NetRing will assess and resolve any gaps as part of the design phase.

Licensing

Entra ID & GSA Licenses

  • Microsoft Entra ID P1 (minimum for CA policies)
  • Microsoft Entra ID P2 recommended (ID Protection, PIM)
  • Microsoft Entra Private Access per-user license
  • Microsoft 365 E3/E5 (includes EPA in many bundles)
  • Intune license (for device compliance enforcement)
Identity

Entra ID Tenant

  • Active Microsoft Entra ID (Azure AD) tenant
  • Users synced from on-prem AD via Entra Connect (hybrid) or cloud-only
  • MFA enabled for all users in scope
  • Entra Connect Health (recommended for hybrid)
  • Break-glass accounts configured and documented
On-Premises

Connector Infrastructure

  • Windows Server 2019 or 2022 (VM or physical)
  • Minimum 2 servers per connector group (HA)
  • Outbound HTTPS (443) to *.msappproxy.net and *.servicebus.windows.net
  • Network access to all private resources in scope
  • Domain member or workgroup — both supported
Endpoints

Client Device Requirements

  • Windows 10/11 (Entra joined or Hybrid joined preferred)
  • macOS 12+ for GSA client
  • iOS 14+ / Android 10+ via Intune MAM
  • Intune enrollment for compliance-gated access
  • Microsoft Authenticator for MFA
Network

Firewall & DNS

  • No inbound firewall rules required for connectors
  • Outbound 443 and 80 from connector servers
  • Private DNS zones for on-prem FQDN resolution (configurable in EPA)
  • TLS inspection bypass for GSA endpoints (if applicable)
  • No split-tunnel VPN conflicts on enrolled endpoints
Optional

Recommended Additions

  • Microsoft Intune — for device compliance policy
  • Microsoft Defender for Endpoint — device risk signals to CA
  • Microsoft Sentinel — SIEM ingestion of GSA traffic logs
  • Entra Internet Access — SSE companion for web traffic
  • Entra Privileged Identity Management (PIM) — for admin access

Common Use Cases
What Entra Private Access Replaces

Any scenario where users currently use VPN to reach a private resource is a candidate for Entra Private Access.

🖥️

Remote Desktop (RDP)

Replace VPN + RDP with per-app RDP segments — MFA-gated, no open 3389 to the internet.

🐧

SSH Access

Linux admin access to on-prem or cloud servers via EPA — no jump box, no VPN, Conditional Access enforced.

🌐

Internal Web Apps

Intranet sites, ERP portals, and legacy internal HTTPS apps accessed from anywhere without VPN.

📁

File Shares (SMB)

Mapped drive access to on-prem SMB shares — scoped to specific UNC paths and authenticated users.

🗄️

Database Access

Direct TCP access to SQL Server, Oracle, or PostgreSQL on specific ports for DBAs and developers.

⚙️

vSphere / vCenter

Admin access to VMware vSphere Web Client and ESXi hosts — replace VPN prerequisite for vCenter.

🏭

OT / Industrial Systems

Controlled, audited remote access to SCADA, HMI, and industrial control systems with full session logging.

👥

Third-Party / Vendor Access

Provision time-limited, app-scoped access to contractors and vendors — no VPN account provisioning required.

🏥

Healthcare / Regulated

HIPAA-aligned remote access with full audit trail, MFA enforcement, and session logging for compliance.

🔁

VPN Replacement

Phased decommission of legacy VPN concentrators — migrate workloads to EPA segments over 60–90 days.


Start With an Entra
Private Access Assessment

NetRing will review your current remote access environment, identify your private app inventory, and deliver a written Entra Private Access design and implementation plan — no obligation.

Request Design Assessment All Services